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România, pe ultimul loc în UE la fonduri pentru cercetare

Într-un efort de a stimula dezvoltarea tehnologică și inovația, statele membre ale Uniunii Europene au alocat fonduri substanțiale cercetării. Alocarea totală pentru cercetare a depășit anul trecut 117 miliarde euro, reprezentând 0,75% din Produsul Intern Brut al Uniunii. Această sumă indică o creștere de 5,4% în comparație cu anul precedent și o dublare față de acum un deceniu.

Cu toate acestea, analiza Eurostat dezvăluie decalaje semnificative în cadrul Uniunii Europene. În timp ce Luxemburg a înregistrat o medie de 661,6 euro pe cap de locuitor, urmată de Danemarca cu 529 de euro și Germania cu 517 euro, țări precum România, Bulgaria și Letonia au înregistrat bugete semnificativ mai reduse pentru cercetare și dezvoltare, de 17 euro în cazul țării noastre, respectiv 27 de euro și 49 de euro pe cap de locuitor în Bulgaria și Letonia.

Aproape 36% din aceste fonduri au fost direcționate, la nivel european, către universități, având în vedere importanța sferei academice în dezvoltarea cunoașterii. Producția industrială și sectorul tehnologic au beneficiat, la rândul lor, de 10% din fonduri, evidențiind interesul crescut în inovații tangibile și dezvoltarea tehnologică aplicată.

De asemenea, sănătatea a primit o alocare de aproximativ 8%. Fondurile destinate cercetării spațiale au reprezentat și ele aproximativ 6% din buget. Un alt aspect interesant îl reprezintă creșterea notabilă a investițiilor în cercetarea în domeniul apărării. De la 2,6% în anul 2021, s-a ajuns la 4,2% în 2022, ceea ce indică o preocupare crescută pentru securitatea și tehnologia militară în contextul geopolitic actual.

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Anamaria Kopornyai-Toth

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